Policies included in the Queen's Speech at the state opening of parliament included the introduction of the Immigration and Social Co-ordination (EU Withdrawal) Bill to replace freedom of movement from the EU27.Most political commentators query whether any of the policies outlined on Monday will ever come into effect because of the parlous state on British politics and the likelihood of an imminent general election.However, if - as ministers have promised - a points-based immigration system based on the current Australian system is introduced, the way it would work will not be known until the government's independent expert body, the Migration Advisory Committee (MAC), reports in January and ministers then agree on exactly how the post-Brexit scheme will operate.Outlining Prime Minister Boris Johnson's government's legislative proposals for the coming session of parliament, the Queen said a new immigration bill would "lay the foundation for a fair, modern and global immigration system".She added, "My government remains committed to ensuring that resident European citizens, who have built their lives in and contributed so much to the United Kingdom, have the right to remain."

How would the Australian points system work?

The Australian points system is based on such characteristics as applicants' age (25-32 being the highest-scoring group), educational qualifications, language proficiency, work experience and occupation. Unlike the current UK system for non-EEA applicants, it is not dependent on the person already having a job offer and, hence, is not reliant on a minimum salary threshold."The points system (in Australia) has been used over the decades to increase migration above the level that would be achieved by relying only on employer sponsorship," says Madeleine Sumption, director of the Migration Observatory at Oxford University and a member of the MAC.

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Have your say on UK immigration policy - the Migration Advisory Committee wants to hear from you

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"However, it is not possible to say whether or how much introducing an ‘Australian-style points system’ to the UK would increase migration, without knowing how this system would be designed. A points system is simply a way of ranking and prioritising applicants for work visas."In principle, it would be possible to implement a restrictive points system that admitted relatively few people, or liberal one closer to the model used in Australia. A restrictive points system, for example, might require all workers to be sponsored by employers as well as meeting a points-based skills threshold. A system of this sort exists in Austria for skilled workers in shortage occupations, for example."

Brexit: the impact on recruiting EU staff to the UK

David Mills, a partner at law firm Mills & Reeve, also pointed out on Monday that, for all the assurances offered to existing EU27 workers already in the UK, the over-arching problem of Brexit had only magnified UK employers’ concerns about the recruitment and retention of European staff."But there are still a number of important facts we can be sure of, thanks to recent government announcements," he told Business Weekly."First, there will be no immediate change to the ability of EU citizens to come to the UK to work in the event of a no-deal Brexit. Deal, or no deal, the UK’s new immigration regime will not come into effect until 2021."Secondly, the absence of a withdrawal agreement will not affect the position of EU staff already working in the UK at the point of Brexit. They and their families will still be able to secure most of the rights that they currently enjoy as EU citizens by applying to the UK government’s EU Settlement Scheme."However, a no-deal Brexit will mean there will be no agreed transitional period. So EU nationals coming to the UK after Brexit but before the end of 2020 will not be eligible to apply for settled status."Instead they can apply for ‘Euro Temporary Leave to Remain.’ This will give them up to 36 months to work in the UK, after which they will need to apply for further permission to remain under the UK’s new immigration regime."It is at this point that the picture becomes less clear, since the new regime has not yet been finalised."Suffice it to say that the proposals floated in the Immigration White Paper would be significantly more restrictive towards workers from the EU, particularly those who are not highly skilled or working in shortage occupations."

For more news and views, visit our dedicated Brexit section.

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